The number of tiger reserves and the total area conserved under these reserves in the country (State-wise) is at Annexure-I.

Approval of National Tiger Conservation Authority has been accorded to Sunabeda Wildlife Sanctuary, MM Hills Wildlife Sanctuary, Ramgarh Vishdhari Wildlife Sanctuary and Guru Ghasidas National Park & Tamor Pingla Wildlife Sanctuary for declaration as Tiger Reserve.  In-principle approval has been given by the National Tiger Conservation Authority to Ratapani Wildlife Sanctuary, Dibang Wildlife Sanctuary and Kaimur Wildlife Sanctuary for declaration as Tiger Reserve. 

The average life span of the tigers in the wild is generally 10-12 years and in natural ecosystem factors like old age, diseases, internecine fights, electrocution, snaring, drowning, road, rail hits etc. and a very high infant mortality observed in big cats, including tigers, accounts for majority of tiger deaths. As reported by States, the details of tiger mortality in the year 2021 are at Annexure-II.

Details of budget allocation under the ongoing Centrally Sponsored Scheme of Project Tiger for the last three years and current year are as below:

 

Year	Budget allocated
(Rs In Crore)
2018-19	350.00
2019-20	282.57
2020-21	195.00
2021-22	220.00

 

As reported by States, details of human deaths (State-wise) due to tiger attack during last three years are at Annexure-III.

To reduce the incidents of human-wildlife conflict, guidelines and Standard Operating Procedure have been issued by the Central Government through the National Tiger Conservation Authority. Under the ongoing Centrally Sponsored Scheme of Project Tiger funding assistance is provided which inter alia including ex-gratia and capacity building of staff for mitigating human-wildlife conflicts. 

The Government of India, through the National Tiger Conservation Authority, has advocated a three pronged strategy to manage human-tiger negative interactions as follows:-

1. Material and logistical support: Funding support through the ongoing Centrally Sponsored Scheme of Project Tiger, is provided to tiger reserves for acquiring capacity in terms of infrastructure and material, to deal with tigers dispersing out of source areas. These are solicited by tiger reserves through an Annual Plan of Operation (APO) every year which stems out from an overarching Tiger Conservation Plan (TCP), mandated under Section 38 V of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972. Inter alia, activities such as payment of ex-gratia and compensation, periodic awareness campaigns to sensitize, guide and advise the general populace on man-animal conflict, dissemination of information through various forms of media, procurement of immobilization equipment, drugs, training and capacity building of forest staff to deal with conflict events are generally solicited.
2. Restricting habitat interventions: Based on the carrying capacity of tigers in a tiger reserve, habitat interventions are restricted through an overarching TCP. In case tiger numbers are at carrying capacity levels, it is advised that habitat interventions should be limited so that there is no excessive spill over of wildlife including tigers thereby minimizing man-animal conflict. Further, in buffer areas around tiger reserves, habitat interventions are restricted such that they are sub-optimal vis-à-vis the core/critical tiger habitat areas, judicious enough to facilitate dispersal to other rich habitat areas only.
3. Standard Operating Procedure (SOPs): The National Tiger Conservation Authority has issued following three SOPs to deal with human-animal conflict, which are available in public domain:

 

1. To deal with emergency arising due to straying of tigers in human dominated landscapes
2. To deal with tiger depredation on livestock
3. For active management towards rehabilitation of tigers from source areas at the landscape level.

The three SOPs inter alia include the issue of managing dispersing tigers, managing livestock kills so as to reduce conflict as well as relocating tigers from source areas to areas where density of tiger is low, so that conflict in rich source areas does not occur.                          

Also as per Tiger Conservation Plans need based and site-specific management interventions are done for improving quality of wildlife habitat for which funding is provided under the ongoing Centrally Sponsored Scheme of Project Tiger.

This information was given by Shri Rameswar Teli, Minister of State, Ministry of Labour & Employment in Lok Sabha today.

 

Annexure-I

List of Tiger Reserves alongwith their area

 

S. No.	State	Name of Tiger Reserve	Total area (In Sq.Kms)
1	Andhra Pradesh	Nagarjunsagar Srisailam	3296.31
2	Arunachal Pradesh	Namdapha	2052.82
3	Arunachal Pradesh	Pakke	1198.45
4	Arunachal Pradesh	Kamlang	783.00
5	Assam	Manas	2837.10
6	Assam	Nameri	464.00
7	Assam	Kaziranga	1173.58
8	Assam	Orang	492.46
9	Bihar	Valmiki	899.38
10	Chhattisgarh	Udanti-Sitanadi	1842.54
11	Chhattisgarh	Achanakmar	914.02
12	Chhattisgarh	Indravati	2799.07
13	Jharkhand	Palamau	1129.93
14	Karnataka	Bandipur	1456.30
15	Karnataka	Bhadra	1064.29
16	Karnataka	Kali (Dandeli-Anshi)	1097.51
17	Karnataka	Nagarahole	1205.76
18	Karnataka	Biligiri Ranganatha Temple	574.82
19	Kerala	Periyar	925.00
20	Kerala	Parambikulam	643.66
21	Madhya Pradesh	Kanha	2051.79
22	Madhya Pradesh	Pench	1179.63
23	Madhya Pradesh	Bandhavgarh	1536.94
24	Madhya Pradesh	Panna	1598.10
25	Madhya Pradesh	Satpura	2133.31
26	Madhya Pradesh	Sanjay-Dubri	1674.50
27	Maharashtra	Melghat	2768.52
28	Maharashtra	Tadoba-Andhari	1727.59
29	Maharashtra	Pench	741.22
30	Maharashtra	Sahyadri	1165.57
31	Maharashtra	Nawegaon-Nagzira	1894.94
32	Maharashtra	Bor	816.27
33	Mizoram	Dampa	988.00
34	Odisha	Similipal	2750.00
35	Odisha	Satkosia	963.87
36	Rajasthan	Ranthambore	1411.29
37	Rajasthan	Sariska	1213.34
38	Rajasthan	Mukandra Hills	759.99
39	Tamil Nadu	Kalakad-Mundanthurai	1601.54
40	Tamil Nadu	Mudumalai	688.59
41	Tamil Nadu	Sathyamangalam	1408.40
42	Tamil Nadu	Anamalai	1479.87
43	Tamil Nadu	Srivilliputhur Megamalai	1016.56
44	Telangana	Kawal	2015.44
45	Telangana	Amrabad	2611.39
46	Uttar Pradesh	Dudhwa	2201.77
47	Uttar Pradesh	Pilibhit	730.25
48	Uttarakhand	Corbett	1288.31
	Uttar Pradesh	Amangarh (buffer of Corbett TR)	80.60
49	Uttarakhand	Rajaji	1075.17
50	West Bengal	Sunderbans	2584.89
51	West Bengal	Buxa	757.90
	Total		73765.57

 

Annexure-II

As reported by States, details of tiger mortality during the year 2021

 

State	Year 2021
Andhra Pradesh	1
Arunachal Pradesh	0
Assam	6
Bihar	4
Chhattisgarh	4
Delhi	0
Goa	0
Gujarat	0
Jharkhand	0
Karnataka	15
Kerala	6
Madhya Pradesh	42
Maharashtra	27
Nagaland	0
Odisha	0
Rajasthan	1
Tamil Nadu	4
Telangana	4
Uttar Pradesh	9
Uttarakhand	3
West Bengal	1
Total	127

 

Annexure-III

Details of Human deaths by tiger attack as reported by States (State-wise)

 

S.No.	State	2018	2019	2020	2021 (upto June 2021)	Total
1	Andhra Pradesh	0	0	0	0	0
2	Arunachal Pradesh	0	0	0	0	0
3	Assam	1	0	0	0	2
4	Bihar	0	0	1	3	1
5	Chhattisgarh	0	0	0	0	0
6	Jharkhand	0	0	0	0	0
7	Karnataka	1	4	0	0	5
8	Kerala	0	0	1	0	1
9	Madhya Pradesh	2	1	6	0	14
10	Maharashtra	2	26	25	5	60
11	Mizoram	0	0	0	0	0
12	Orissa	2	0	0	0	2
13	Rajasthan	2	5	0	0	7
14	Tamil Nadu	0	0	1	0	1
15	Telangana	0	0	2	0	2
16	Uttar Pradesh	5	8	4	5	36
17	Uttarakhand	1	3	0	1	4
18	West Bengal	15	3	4	0	34
Year wise total		31	50	44	14	169

 

 

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