September 23^rd marked the 60^th anniversary of the ceasefire that ended the 1965 Indo-Pak War, a conflict that showcased the Indian Air Force's (IAF) courage, skill and strategic importance in safeguarding the nation's sovereignty.

            The war began in early Sep 1965 following Pakistan's infiltration in Jammu & Kashmir under operation GIBRALTAR. Despite initial odds and challenging weather, the lAF maintained air superiority and provided critical support to the Indian Army on multiple fronts. Neutralising Pakistan's air capabilities and restricting its operational freedom were the key highlights of IAF during the war. Its role included swift and precise attacks on enemy airbases at Lahore, Sargodha and Peshawar degrading the Pakistan Air Force's (PAF) operational capability. The IAF was immensely successful in protecting key Indian cities and military installations from aerial attacks, ensuring uninterrupted logistic supply to the Indian Army.

            The lAF effort consisted of close air support, fighter sweeps, interceptions, interdiction and counter air operations. These missions were executed throughout the period of hostilities. With its intensive air attacks, during the opening phase of operations in the Chhamb sector, the IAF caused a serious setback to the Pakistani offensive action. During the hostilities, the IAF flew around 4000 sorties in the western sector. A total of 7,38,000 lbs (approximately 335 tons) of bomb load was expended during the bombing raids in Pakistan. The PAF suffered an estimated loss of 43 aircraft (18 of these were lost in aerial combat, and 25 were accounted for by ground fire). In addition, a large number of tanks, vehicles, railway wagons, locomotives and BPIs were destroyed, or damaged.

            By the time ceasefire was declared at 0330 hours on 23 Sep 1965, the IAF had flown extensively by providing close air support by the legendary Hunters, Mysteres and Gnats. The pilots and ground crew demonstrated unmatched professionalism, securing India's skies and contributing decisively to the nation's war efforts. For its valiant contribution in the 1965 war, IAF personnel were awarded four Maha Vir Chakras and 43 Vir Chakras.

            With India observing another year of remembrance, the IAF honours the brave warriors and reaffirms the pledge to defend the nation with the same spirit of valour and vigilance.

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