Year
End Review
Why
Skill India?
Skill
India seeks to give all Indians, the opportunity to aspire and achieve a better
future for themselves and their families. A combination of demographic,
economic and social factors makes skill development an urgent policy priority
for India.
The
challenge is immense. 54% of India’s population is below 25 years of age and
over 62% of the population is the working-age group. Yet, only 4.69% of the
Indian population has undergone formal skills training. By 2025, almost 1 in 5
of the world’s working age population (18.3%) will beIndian. Recent skill gap
reports suggest that over 109 million incremental human resources will be
required in India alone, across 24 key sectors by the year 2022. 93% of India’s
workers work in the unorganised sector and acquire skills through informal
channels and lack formal certification. How can India’s skill training
ecosystem be equipped to cope with these diverse challenges?
India’s
first Department of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship was established in
July 2014 under the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports to specifically focus
on addressing the above challenges. This Department became a full-fledged
Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE) in November 2014,
when Shri Rajiv Pratap Rudy was inducted into the Council of Ministers. The
primary focus of MSDE is to develop a robust policy framework and programme of
action for scaling up skill development efforts in India, at speed and scale,
while ensuring quality outcomes. The major initiatives taken over the past nine
months by MSDE, in order to lay a strong foundation for the skill training and
entrepreneurship ecosystem in the country are detailed below:
I.
Establishing a Clear
Policy Framework: Policy, Mission, Common Norms
MSDE
has taken three major policy initiatives during its first few months of
existence.
·
National Policy for Skill Development
and Entrepreneurship 2015, unveiled in July 2015. The
Policyarticulates a framework for skilling at scale and speed while ensuring
high quality outcomes. Policy Implementation Unit
(PIU)
set up and a system of quarterly monitoring of key elements of policy has been
established.
·
National Skill Development Mission
approved in July 2015 The Missionseeks to converge,
coordinate, implement and monitor skilling activities on a pan-India basis. Governing
Council, Steering Committee and Executive Committee notified. Sub Missions and
interface with State Skill Missions would be made operational within March’16.
Common
Norms for all skill development programmes
across Central Ministries/Departments have been notified. Meetings and
consultations for adoption of Common Norms held. Complete alignment to be done
by 1.4.2016.
India
now has a robust policy framework to scale up skill development initiatives
across the country. Having set out the policy framework, MSDE has also been
working on developing a coherent programme of action.
II.
Developing a Programme
of Action: Key Achievements
·
Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana
(PMKVY) MSDE’s flagship outcome-based skill
training scheme, was launched by the Prime Minister on 15 July 2015. A pilot
phase of the scheme was initiated on 25 May 2015. PMKVY aims to incentivise
young people to enrol in skill development initiatives, by providing a monetary
reward to every young person who successfully completes an approved skill
training programme, with an affiliated training provider. PMKVY is funded by
Government of India and implemented through National Skill Development
Corporation (NSDC). 24 lakh youth across India will be trained under PMKVY in
the next one year, of which 14 lakh trainees will be fresh entrants. 50,000
Persons with Disabilities will also be trained under PMKVY. In addition, youth who
do not possess formal certification, will be assessed and certified through an
initiative known as Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) in PMKVY. 10 lakh youth
will be trained under the RPL initiative, over the next year. This will be an
important effort to recognize the skills and open up new job opportunities for
a vast majority of young Indians who acquire skills through informal channels
or work in the unorganised sector.
Achievements
under PMKVY:5.17 lakh enrolled in fresh training and balance target allocated;
Pilot in RPL done and target of 5 lakh allocated. Target of 14 lakh fresh
training and 10 lakh RPL would be achieved by March 2016.
·
Industrial Training Institutes (ITI),
which were formerly under Ministry of Labour and Employment have were
transferred to MSDE in April this year. A number of initiatives are being
undertaken to revitalise these organisations. This includes for example,
upgrading their curriculum (in collaboration with industry experts),
strengthening industry linkages, scaling up apprenticeships, modernising
equipment and facilities within ITIs etc. In
addition, 34 ITIs and 68 Skill Development Centres are also being established
in 34 Left Wing Extremism (LWE) affected districts to open up employment
opportunities for youth in these areas. These initiatives are aimed at
improving the quality of training in these institutions and ensuring that
students who complete ITI courses are employable.
Achievements:
1141
new ITIs with 1.73 lakh seats added in past 1 year. Total now 13,105 ITIs with
18.7 lakh seats in 126 trades;
·
Apprenticeships: The
Apprenticeship Act was Modiefied in 2014, to incentivise employers to take on
more apprentices. New Apprentices rules notified on 18
June’15 enabling 4-fold
increase in apprentices. Advocacy campaign among industry taken up and online
portal launched. Upward trend in enrollment already noted this year.
·
Strategic partnerships
have also been undertaken between MSDE and other Ministries/Departments in the
Central Government, to collaborate on scaling up skill training activities in
specific sectors. MSDE now has strategic partnerships
with Ministries/Departments, including Ministries of Social Justice and
Empowerment (Department for Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities), Health
and Family Welfare, Steel, Mines, Railways, Defence and Chemicals and
Fertilizers (Department of Chemicals and Petrochemicals, Department of Fertilizers,
Department of Pharmaceuticals)(Annexure). Public Sector Units (PSUs)
within these sectors and related contractors will be encouraged to hire workers
certified in job roles aligned to NSQF, utilize CSR funds for skill training
purposes and set up Centres of Excellence in collaboration with DGT or NSDC,
through these strategic partnerships. These partnerships will play an important
role in scaling up skill training initiatives and ensuring that skill training
takes place at high quality, in each of these sectors.
·
Overseas Employment:Study
report on overseas employment opportunities received and action plan being
developed. MoU with Ministry of Overseas Indian Affairs (MoOIA) finalized to
launch Pravasi Kaushal Viskas Yojana for pre-departure cum orientation
programme of emigrants.
·
National Skill Development Corporation
(NSDC) has been established in 2010 in order
to catalyse private sector involvement in the area of skill development. Over
the last one year, NSDC partners have
skilled 24.93 lakh people and placed about 12 lakh people through its
ecosystem.As on 31st Oct 2015 NSDC funded partners have trained
a total of59.3 lakh students. 24.5 lakh students have been placed.
Placement percentage stands atabout 64% for NSDC funded skilling partners (excluding
training under all special schemes).
To ensure that training undertaken from
any recognized training provider is industry aligned, NSDC is funding industry
led Sector Skill Councils (SSCs) that create National Occupation Standards
(NOS). Till date, NSDC Board has approved 39 Sector Skill Councils. Out of
these 28 have been funded and 31 are operational.
Post November 2014, the following 8 New
SSCs have been approved
1. Chemical &
Petrochemical SSC
2. Paints &
Coatings SSC (IPA)
3. Management SSC
4. Green Job SSC
5. Strategic
Manufacturing SSC
6. Furniture
& Fitting SSC
7. PWD SSC
8. Instrumentation
SSC
·
The number of SSCs which developed National Occupational Standards
(NOS) has grown from 22 in Nov 2014 to 31 by end of Oct 2015. During this 1
year, SSCs developed QPs (Qualification Packs) for 614 job roles. To date,
there are 1507 QPs containing 8302 NOSs out of which
3523 are unique NOS. 1016 QPs designed by the SSC’s have been
registered as National Standards.
·
Skill Gap Studies: Completed for 26 (24+2) sectors; District-wise studies completed
for all States; Environmental scan commissioned to be overseen by joint groups
of related Ministries / SSCs.
·
Udaan: Special Industry initiative
for youth (graduates) from J&K to cover 40,000 in 5 years funded by MHA
implemented by NSDC. Trained 10,555 youth, placed 4984 so far.
·
National Skill Development Agency
(NSDA): which is also a part of the Ministry
plays an important role as a normative body. Its focus is on ensuring that
skill training programmes are aligned to National Skills Qualification
Framework (NSQF) and quality assurance mechanisms are operational. Till date,
NSDA has 1461 qualifications (1345 from SSCs & 116 NCVT) have been aligned
to NSQF. NSDA has also held workshops with 10 other Union Ministries and State
Governments to Operationalise NSQF.
·
Entrepreneurship: NIESBUD
has already covered 1,98,000 trainees under CD-based Entrepreneurship
Development Programme (EDP). The institute will cover 2,00,000 more trainees by
31st March 2015.
·
International Collaborations: MSDE
has signed MoUs with Germany, UK, China and Australia, to scale up
apprenticeships, support, training of trainers, curriculum development, ensure
benchmarking of standards and create Centres of Excellence in skill training
across the country.
Success
Stories:
·
World Skills: NSDC
has been spearheading India’s participation at the WorldSkill Competitions
since 2010. India participated in 27 Skills with 29 competitors selected
from across India. For WSC 2015, 5 new Skills were identified namely Prototype
Modelling, Aircraft Maintenance, Brick Laying, Wall and Floor Tiling and Visual
Merchandising. India won 8 medallions of excellence in Beauty Therapy,
Welding, Graphic Design Technology, Prototype Modelling, Jewellery Design,
Plastic Die Engineering, Hairdressing and Bricklaying. As a prelude to the
preparation promising candidates and trainers in 14 skills were given
international exposure at the OCEANIA competition in New Zealand. Apart
from India 6 other countries (China, Australia, Malaysia, New Zealand, Canada
and Korea) participated in the competition. The Indian contingent consisted of
34 members in 14 skills and came home with 6 medals with Gold
Medal in Beauty Therapy, Silver Medal in Jewellery Making and in Pastry and
Confectionery, Bronze Medal in Bricklaying, Auto body Repair and Wall &
Floor Tiling. The 44th WSC Competitions
will be held in Abu Dhabi, UAE from 14-19 October 2017.
Annexure
Central
Ministries/Departments signing MoUs with Ministry of Skill Development and
Entrepreneurship for Skill Development
1) Department of Empowerment
of Persons with Disabilities
2) Ministry of Defence
3) Ministry of Railways
4) Ministry of Health & Family
Welfare
5) Dept. of Fertilisers
6) Dept. of Chemicals and
Petro-Chemicals
7) Dept. of Pharmaceuticals
8) Ministry of Steel
9) Ministry of Mines
10) Coal India (Ministry of Coal)
11) National Thermal Power Corporation, Power Grid (Ministry of
Power)
12)
Department of Heavy Industries
13)
Ministry of Overseas Indian Affairs (MoU finalized)
14)
Airport Authority of India (MoU finalized)
Overall Key Elements of MoUs
Leverage
existing government infrastructure to deliver skill training programmes
Mobilize
CSR funds of Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs) to support skilling
Upgrade
equipment of ITIs and NSDC/SSC affiliated training providers
Promote
and scale up apprenticeship training in PSUs in coordination with DGT
Incentivize
hiring of NSQF certified personnel
Promote
adoption of ITIs by PSUs, including provision of technical and resource support
Introduce
vocational courses in schools run by Ministries/PSUs
Establish
‘Centres of Excellence’ for high quality skill training
Align
training programmes to NSQF and mobilize workforce for Recognition of Prior
Learning (RPL)
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